Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) - Mayotte (2008)

Compare South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008) z Mayotte (2008)

	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2008)	Mayotte (2008)

Administrative divisions	-	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 45.8% (male 48,016/female 47,533) 15-64 years: 52.5% (male 59,111/female 50,437) 65 years and over: 1.8% (male 1,864/female 1,822) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra
Airports	-	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of 11 islands	total: 374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Rhode Island	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	The islands, which have large bird and seal populations, lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands and have been under British administration since 1908 - except for a brief period in 1982 when Argentina occupied them. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. Famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses scientists from the British Antarctic Survey. Recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 nm to 200 nm around each island.	Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.
Birth rate	-	40.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $420 million expenditures: $394 million (2005)
Capital	-	name: Mamoudzou geographic coordinates: 12 46 S, 45 13 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow	tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Coastline	NA km	185.2 km
Constitution	-	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none abbreviation: SGSSI	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte
Death rate	-	7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$NA
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by a commissioner, who is concurrently governor of the Falkland Islands, representing Queen ELIZABETH II	departmental collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force	claimed by Comoros
Economic aid - recipient	-	$201.3 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (2005)
Economy - overview	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting finfish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK, sale of fishing licenses, and harbor and landing fees from tourist vessels. Tourism from specialized cruise ships is increasing rapidly.	Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
Electricity - consumption	-	139.2 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	-	NA
Exchange rates	-	euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Said Omar OILI (since 8 April 2004) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term; next election to be held in 2010
Exports	-	$6.5 million f.o.b. (2005)
Exports - commodities	-	ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon
Exports - partners	-	France 43%, Comoros 36%, Reunion 15% (2006)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a shield with a golden lion centered; the shield is supported by a fur seal on the left and a penguin on the right; a reindeer appears above the shield, and below it on a scroll is the motto LEO TERRAM PROPRIAM PROTEGAT (Let the Lion Protect its Own Land)	unofficial, local flag with the coat of arms of Mayotte centered on a white field, above which the name of the island appears in red capital letters; the main elements of the coat of arms, flanked on either side by a seahorse, appear above a scroll with the motto RA HACHIRI (We are Vigilant); the only official flag is the national flag of France
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	54 30 S, 37 00 W	12 50 S, 45 10 E
Geography - note	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in the 20th century, live on South Georgia	part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	-	$341 million f.o.b.; note - excludes petroleum imports (2005)
Imports - commodities	-	food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals
Imports - partners	-	France 49%, Seychelles 8.8%, China 4.1%, South Africa 2.8% (2006)
Independence	-	none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate	-	NA%
Industries	-	newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 59.51 deaths/1,000 live births male: 65.33 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1.7% (2005)
International organization participation	-	InOC, UPU
Irrigated land	0 sq km	NA
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	-	44,560 (2002)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen) (2005)	arable land: NA% permanent crops: NA% other: NA%
Languages	-	Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply; the senior magistrate from the Falkland Islands presides over the Magistrates Court	the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	-	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - MDM 23.3%, UMP 22.8%, PS 10.2%, MRC 8.9%, FRAP 6.5%, MPM 1.2%, other 27.1%; seats by party - MDM 6, UMP 9, MRC 2, MPM 1, diverse left 1 note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held in September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.1%, UDF 44.9%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 62.16 years male: 59.94 years female: 64.45 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Location	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America	Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique
Map references	Antarctic Region	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	defense is the responsibility of France; a small contingent of French forces is stationed on the island
National holiday	-	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	-	noun: Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran
Natural hazards	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism	cyclones during rainy season
Natural resources	fish	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	3.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or UMP-RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS [Ibrahim ABUBACAR] (local branch of French Parti Socialiste); Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001 replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey, which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited	208,783 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	-	3.617% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	0 (2003)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)
Religions	-	Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) 3%
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.172 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.023 male(s)/female total population: 1.092 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken	general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros
Telephones - main lines in use	-	10,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	48,100 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	0 (2003)	3 (2001)
Terrain	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes	generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Total fertility rate	-	5.69 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	25.4% (2005)

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